Lumber measurement guide

How to calculate board feet

A board foot represents the volume of a board 1 inch thick, 12 inches wide, and 12 inches long. Multiply dimensions in inches and feet, then divide by 12.

Reviewed September 6, 20267-minute read
Worked example

Six 2 × 8 boards at 10 ft

Using 2-inch thickness and 8-inch width

80 bd ft(2 × 8 × 10 ÷ 12) × 6Use your numbers →

The board-foot formula

Thickness (in) × width (in) × length (ft)÷ 12 = board feet per board2 × 8 × 10 ÷ 12= 13.33 bd ft each13.33 × 6= 80 bd ft

If length is measured in inches, multiply all three dimensions in inches and divide by 144.

Nominal versus actual dimensions

Board-foot pricing for rough hardwood commonly uses nominal thickness and measured width and length according to the seller’s rules. Surfaced construction lumber is often named by a nominal size that is larger than its actual dressed dimensions. Ask the supplier which dimensions and rounding method appear on the tally.

A board-foot tally is a volume measure, not a cutting list. Add enough material for defects, grain matching, milling loss, and project-specific waste.

Quick examples

PieceFormulaBoard feet
1 × 6 × 8 ft1 × 6 × 8 ÷ 124.0
2 × 10 × 12 ft2 × 10 × 12 ÷ 1220.0
4/4 × 9 × 7 ft1 × 9 × 7 ÷ 125.25
8/4 × 7 × 6 ft2 × 7 × 6 ÷ 127.0

Build a useful lumber tally

  1. Group boards by thickness.
  2. Record width and length using the supplier’s measurement convention.
  3. Calculate each piece or group of identical pieces.
  4. Add the board feet across the order.
  5. Add a separate waste allowance instead of quietly changing dimensions.
  6. Multiply the final tally by price per board foot for a material estimate.

Frequently asked questions

Is one board foot the same as one square foot?

No. A board foot includes a one-inch thickness. Square feet measure surface area only.

What does 4/4 lumber mean?

It is a rough-thickness designation expressed in quarter inches. Four-quarter is nominally one inch thick; eight-quarter is nominally two inches before surfacing.

Should I use actual size for a 2×4?

For project volume, actual dimensions may be useful. For purchasing, use the measurement and pricing convention stated by the lumber seller.

Sources